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Sheet 22 of 195 · EuropeBIH · 44.2°N 17.9°E

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Capital
Sarajevo
Population
3.14 million 2025
Area
51,209 km²
Neighbours
3
Locator map of Bosnia and HerzegovinaBOSNIA ANDHERZEGOVINASarajevoSERBIAMONTENEGROITALYHUNGARYNORTHMACEDONIASLOVENIAALBANIAAdriatic Sea0100 km
Bosnia and Herzegovina hatched, Sarajevo marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 43.9°N 17.7°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

Bosnia and Herzegovina lies in Southeast Europe and shares land borders with Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia. At 51,209 km², it ranks 125th of 195 by area, close in size to Costa Rica and Slovakia.

About 3.14 million people lived in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2025, according to the World Bank; only 61 countries have fewer. That works out at 61 people per km². The urban share of the population was 52.7% in 2025. The population shrank by 0.77% in 2025.

In 2025, GDP per capita stood at US$10,382 in current US dollars: 83rd of 191 worldwide, 41st of 44 in Europe. Newborns in 2024 had a life expectancy of 78.0 years.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. From 42.6°N to 45.3°N, it spans about 302 km north to south. The point on the opposite side of the Earth from Sarajevo lies in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,160 km from the nearest land, New Zealand.

How it compares Europe: 45 countries

MeasureFigureWorldEurope
Population3,140,0952025, World Bank133rd of 19428th of 44
Area51,209 km²world-countries125th of 19526th of 45
GDPUS$32.6 billion2025, World Bank, current US$108th of 19135th of 44
GDP per capitaUS$10,3822025, World Bank, current US$83rd of 19141st of 44
Population density61 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries125th of 19433rd of 44
Life expectancy78.0 years2024, World Bank53rd of 19432nd of 44
Urban population52.7%2025, World Bank130th of 19441st of 44
Forest area42.2% of land2024, World Bank63rd of 19410th of 44
Population growth-0.77% a year2025, World Bank189th of 19441st of 44
Internet users86.1%2024, World Bank75th of 18839th of 44
Fertility rate1.49 births per woman2024, World Bank139th of 19410th of 44
Land neighbours3world-countries; among the 19583rd of 19525th of 45
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaCosta Rica, Slovakia and Dominican Republic

Closest in populationNamibia, Armenia and Qatar

Neighbours 3 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Montenegro170 km
    Sarajevo to Podgorica, capital to capital
  • Serbia198 km
    Sarajevo to Belgrade, capital to capital
  • Croatia287 km
    Sarajevo to Zagreb, capital to capital

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
Sarajevo
43.85°N 18.38°E
Northernmost latitude
45.28°N
Southernmost latitude
42.56°N
Westernmost longitude
15.74°E
Easternmost longitude
19.58°E
North to south
about 302 km
Antipode of Sarajevo
43.85°S 161.62°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,160 km from the nearest land (New Zealand)