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Sheet 34 of 195 · AfricaTCD · 17.4°N 19.5°E

Chad

Republic of Chad

Capital
N'Djamena
Population
21.0 million 2025
Area
1,284,000 km²
Neighbours
6
Locator map of ChadCHADN'DjamenaSUDANNIGERNIGERIALIBYACENTRAL AFRICANREPUBLICCAMEROONALGERIASOUTH SUDANEGYPT0500 km
Chad hatched, N'Djamena marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 15.5°N 18.7°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

Chad is a landlocked country in Middle Africa, bordered by Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Libya, Niger, Nigeria and Sudan. Its area of 1,284,000 km² puts it 20th in the world and 5th of 54 in Africa.

Its population was 21.0 million in 2025 (World Bank), the 63rd-largest of 194. That works out at 16 people per km². Most people live outside urban areas: the urban share was 27.6% in 2025. It grew by 3.41% in 2025, the 6th-fastest rate of the 194.

In 2025, GDP per capita stood at US$1,022 in current US dollars: 177th of 191 worldwide, 40th of 52 in Africa. Newborns in 2024 had a life expectancy of 55.2 years; only one country is lower. The fertility rate was 6.03 births per woman in 2024. 12.6% of people used the internet in 2024.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. From 7.5°N to 23.4°N, it spans about 1,776 km north to south. The point on the opposite side of the Earth from N'Djamena lies in the South Pacific Ocean, about 650 km from the nearest land, American Samoa.

How it compares Africa: 54 countries

MeasureFigureWorldAfrica
Population21,003,7052025, World Bank63rd of 19423rd of 54
Area1,284,000 km²world-countries20th of 1955th of 54
GDPUS$21.5 billion2025, World Bank, current US$130th of 19127th of 52
GDP per capitaUS$1,0222025, World Bank, current US$177th of 19140th of 52
Population density16 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries178th of 19448th of 54
Life expectancy55.2 years2024, World Bank193rd of 19453rd of 54
Urban population27.6%2025, World Bank177th of 19448th of 54
Forest area3.0% of land2024, World Bank171st of 19447th of 54
Population growth+3.41% a year2025, World Bank6th of 1941st of 54
Internet users12.6%2024, World Bank185th of 18850th of 53
Fertility rate6.03 births per woman2024, World Bank1st of 1941st of 54
Land neighbours6world-countries; among the 19520th of 1957th of 54
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaPeru, Niger and Angola

Closest in populationKazakhstan, Sri Lanka and Zambia

Neighbours 6 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Nigeria888 km
    N'Djamena to Abuja, capital to capital
  • Central African Republic944 km
    N'Djamena to Bangui, capital to capital
  • Cameroon996 km
    N'Djamena to Yaoundé, capital to capital
  • Niger1,411 km
    N'Djamena to Niamey, capital to capital
  • Sudan1,926 km
    N'Djamena to Khartoum, capital to capital
  • Libya2,318 km
    N'Djamena to Tripoli, capital to capital

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
N'Djamena
12.12°N 15.05°E
Northernmost latitude
23.45°N
Southernmost latitude
7.48°N
Westernmost longitude
13.45°E
Easternmost longitude
23.98°E
North to south
about 1,776 km
Antipode of N'Djamena
12.12°S 164.95°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 650 km from the nearest land (American Samoa)