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Sheet 180 of 195 · AsiaTKM · 39.6°N 58.9°E

Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan

Capital
Ashgabat
Population
7.62 million 2025
Area
488,100 km²
Neighbours
4
Locator map of TurkmenistanTURKMENISTANAshgabatIRANAFGHANISTANUZBEKISTANTAJIKISTANCaspian Sea0250 km
Turkmenistan hatched, Ashgabat marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 39.0°N 59.6°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

Landlocked in Central Asia, Turkmenistan has four land neighbours: Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Its area of 488,100 km² puts it 52nd in the world and 14th of 47 in Asia.

Its population was 7.62 million in 2025 (World Bank), the 92nd-smallest of the 194 countries with data. On average, 16 people live on each km². Most people live outside urban areas: the urban share was 47.1% in 2025.

GDP per capita was US$6,540 in 2025 (World Bank, current US$), 107th of 191 and 22nd of 46 in Asia. Life expectancy at birth was 70.2 years in 2024. The latest World Bank figure for internet use (2016) is older than 2018, so it appears in the table with its year but is not ranked or compared here.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. North to south it runs about 846 km, between 35.2°N and 42.8°N. Ashgabat's antipode is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,630 km from the Pitcairn Islands, the nearest land.

How it compares Asia: 47 countries

MeasureFigureWorldAsia
Population7,618,8472025, World Bank103rd of 19432nd of 47
Area488,100 km²world-countries52nd of 19514th of 47
GDPUS$49.8 billion2025, World Bank, current US$95th of 19129th of 46
GDP per capitaUS$6,5402025, World Bank, current US$107th of 19122nd of 46
Population density16 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries179th of 19445th of 47
Life expectancy70.2 years2024, World Bank130th of 19439th of 47
Urban population47.1%2025, World Bank135th of 19432nd of 47
Forest area5.0% of land2024, World Bank165th of 19432nd of 47
Population growth+1.65% a year2025, World Bank62nd of 19415th of 47
Internet users18.0%2016, World Bank; older than 2018, not ranked——
Fertility rate2.66 births per woman2024, World Bank67th of 19411th of 47
Land neighbours4world-countries; among the 19559th of 19516th of 47
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaCameroon, Spain and Thailand

Closest in populationLibya, Laos and Kyrgyzstan

Neighbours 4 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Iran669 km
    Ashgabat to Tehran, capital to capital
  • Uzbekistan1,005 km
    Ashgabat to Tashkent, capital to capital
  • Afghanistan1,040 km
    Ashgabat to Kabul, capital to capital
  • Kazakhstan1,792 km
    Ashgabat to Astana, capital to capital

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
Ashgabat
37.95°N 58.38°E
Northernmost latitude
42.78°N
Southernmost latitude
35.17°N
Westernmost longitude
52.49°E
Easternmost longitude
66.63°E
North to south
about 846 km
Antipode of Ashgabat
37.95°S 121.62°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,630 km from the nearest land (Pitcairn Islands)