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Sheet 81 of 195 · EuropeITA · 45.1°N 10.6°E

Italy

Italian Republic · Repubblica italiana

Capital
Rome
Population
58.9 million 2025
Area
301,336 km²
Neighbours
6
Locator map of ItalyITALYRomeFRANCEAUSTRIASLOVENIASAN MARINOALGERIAGREECESPAINBULGARIAHUNGARYGERMANYSERBIAMediterraneanSeaTyrrhenian SeaIonian Sea0250 km
Italy hatched, Rome marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 41.9°N 12.6°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

Italy lies in Southern Europe and shares land borders with Austria, France, San Marino, Slovenia, Switzerland and Vatican City. Its area of 301,336 km² puts it 72nd in the world and 10th of 45 in Europe.

About 58.9 million people lived in Italy in 2025, according to the World Bank, 25th of 194 countries. That works out at 196 people per km². 69.7% of people lived in urban areas in 2025. The population shrank by 0.06% in 2025.

GDP per capita was US$43,309 in 2025 (World Bank, current US$), 28th of 191 and 20th of 44 in Europe. Life expectancy at birth was 84.0 years in 2024, the 8th-highest of the 194. The fertility rate was 1.18 births per woman in 2024.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. North to south it runs about 1,156 km, between 36.7°N and 47.1°N. Rome's antipode is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 730 km from New Zealand, the nearest land.

How it compares Europe: 45 countries

MeasureFigureWorldEurope
Population58,915,6562025, World Bank25th of 1945th of 44
Area301,336 km²world-countries72nd of 19510th of 45
GDPUS$2.55 trillion2025, World Bank, current US$9th of 1915th of 44
GDP per capitaUS$43,3092025, World Bank, current US$28th of 19120th of 44
Population density196 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries51st of 19411th of 44
Life expectancy84.0 years2024, World Bank8th of 1947th of 44
Urban population69.7%2025, World Bank77th of 19426th of 44
Forest area31.8% of land2024, World Bank100th of 19429th of 44
Population growth-0.06% a year2025, World Bank160th of 19427th of 44
Internet users89.2%2024, World Bank61st of 18830th of 44
Fertility rate1.18 births per woman2024, World Bank181st of 19436th of 44
Land neighbours6world-countries; among the 19520th of 1959th of 45
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaOman, Poland and Ivory Coast

Closest in populationKenya, Myanmar and South Africa

Neighbours 6 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Vatican City2 km
    Rome to Vatican City, capital to capital
  • San Marino227 km
    Rome to City of San Marino, capital to capital
  • Slovenia490 km
    Rome to Ljubljana, capital to capital
  • Switzerland685 km
    Rome to Bern, capital to capital
  • Austria764 km
    Rome to Vienna, capital to capital
  • France1,107 km
    Rome to Paris, capital to capital

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
Rome
41.90°N 12.48°E
Northernmost latitude
47.08°N
Southernmost latitude
36.69°N
Westernmost longitude
6.63°E
Easternmost longitude
18.48°E
North to south
about 1,156 km
Antipode of Rome
41.90°S 167.52°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 730 km from the nearest land (New Zealand)