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Sheet 138 of 195 · EuropePOL · 52.2°N 19.6°E

Poland

Republic of Poland · Rzeczpospolita Polska

Capital
Warsaw
Population
36.4 million 2025
Area
312,679 km²
Neighbours
7
Locator map of PolandPOLANDWarsawGERMANYUKRAINEBELARUSCZECHIALITHUANIASLOVAKIARUSSIAAUSTRIABaltic Sea0200 km
Poland hatched, Warsaw marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 51.9°N 19.1°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

Poland lies in Central Europe and shares land borders with Belarus, Czechia, Germany, Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia and Ukraine. Only ten countries have more land neighbours. The border with Russia is on a part of Russia away from that country's main landmass. At 312,679 km², it ranks 70th of 195 by area, close in size to Oman and Ivory Coast.

About 36.4 million people lived in Poland in 2025, according to the World Bank, 44th of 194 countries. On average, 117 people live on each km². The urban share of the population was 60.1% in 2025. The population shrank by 0.34% in 2025.

In 2025, GDP per capita stood at US$28,420 in current US dollars: 45th of 191 worldwide, 29th of 44 in Europe. Newborns in 2024 had a life expectancy of 78.4 years. The fertility rate was 1.14 births per woman in 2024.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. From 49.0°N to 54.8°N, it spans about 647 km north to south. The point on the opposite side of the Earth from Warsaw lies in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,540 km from the nearest land, New Zealand.

How it compares Europe: 45 countries

MeasureFigureWorldEurope
Population36,435,8612025, World Bank44th of 1948th of 44
Area312,679 km²world-countries70th of 1959th of 45
GDPUS$1.04 trillion2025, World Bank, current US$21st of 1919th of 44
GDP per capitaUS$28,4202025, World Bank, current US$45th of 19129th of 44
Population density117 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries78th of 19418th of 44
Life expectancy78.4 years2024, World Bank48th of 19430th of 44
Urban population60.1%2025, World Bank107th of 19436th of 44
Forest area31.0% of land2024, World Bank101st of 19430th of 44
Population growth-0.34% a year2025, World Bank176th of 19435th of 44
Internet users88.6%2024, World Bank65th of 18834th of 44
Fertility rate1.14 births per woman2024, World Bank185th of 19439th of 44
Land neighbours7world-countries; among the 19511th of 1955th of 45
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaOman, Ivory Coast and Norway

Closest in populationMalaysia, Saudi Arabia and Uzbekistan

Neighbours 7 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Lithuania393 km
    Warsaw to Vilnius, capital to capital
  • Belarus475 km
    Warsaw to Minsk, capital to capital
  • Czechia515 km
    Warsaw to Prague, capital to capital
  • Germany516 km
    Warsaw to Berlin, capital to capital
  • Slovakia533 km
    Warsaw to Bratislava, capital to capital
  • Ukraine691 km
    Warsaw to Kyiv, capital to capital
  • Russia1,150 km
    Warsaw to Moscow, capital to capital; the border is with an outlying part of Russia

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
Warsaw
52.25°N 21.00°E
Northernmost latitude
54.84°N
Southernmost latitude
49.02°N
Westernmost longitude
14.13°E
Easternmost longitude
24.10°E
North to south
about 647 km
Antipode of Warsaw
52.25°S 159.00°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,540 km from the nearest land (New Zealand)