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Sheet 54 of 195 · EuropeEST · 58.8°N 25.9°E

Estonia

Republic of Estonia · Eesti Vabariik

Capital
Tallinn
Population
1.37 million 2025
Area
45,227 km²
Neighbours
2
Locator map of EstoniaESTONIATallinnRUSSIALATVIAFINLANDSWEDENLITHUANIABELARUSBaltic SeaGulf of Bothnia0100 km
Estonia hatched, Tallinn marked with a triangle, land neighbours shaded. Orthographic projection centred on 58.6°N 25.0°E; the scale bar is true at the centre.

In Northern Europe, Estonia has two land neighbours: Latvia and Russia. Its area of 45,227 km² puts it 129th in the world and 28th of 45 in Europe.

Its population was 1.37 million in 2025 (World Bank), the 41st-smallest of the 194 countries with data. On average, 30 people live on each km². 70.7% of people lived in urban areas in 2025. The population shrank by 0.43% in 2025.

GDP per capita was US$34,418 in 2025 (World Bank, current US$), 37th of 191 and 25th of 44 in Europe. Life expectancy at birth was 79.3 years in 2024. The fertility rate was 1.18 births per woman in 2024.

Its main landmass lies entirely in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres. North to south it runs about 235 km, between 57.5°N and 59.6°N. Tallinn's antipode is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,830 km from Antarctica, the nearest land.

How it compares Europe: 45 countries

MeasureFigureWorldEurope
Population1,366,4752025, World Bank154th of 19436th of 44
Area45,227 km²world-countries129th of 19528th of 45
GDPUS$47.0 billion2025, World Bank, current US$100th of 19132nd of 44
GDP per capitaUS$34,4182025, World Bank, current US$37th of 19125th of 44
Population density30 per km²population 2025, World Bank; area, world-countries151st of 19438th of 44
Life expectancy79.3 years2024, World Bank44th of 19428th of 44
Urban population70.7%2025, World Bank71st of 19423rd of 44
Forest area57.2% of land2024, World Bank37th of 1945th of 44
Population growth-0.43% a year2025, World Bank179th of 19436th of 44
Internet users92.2%2024, World Bank42nd of 18824th of 44
Fertility rate1.18 births per woman2024, World Bank181st of 19436th of 44
Land neighbours2world-countries; among the 195112th of 19530th of 45
 Ranks run from the largest value (1st) among the countries with data; equal values share a rank.

Closest in areaDenmark, Dominican Republic and Netherlands

Closest in populationTrinidad and Tobago, Cyprus and Timor-Leste

Neighbours 2 countries by land, nearest capital first

  • Latvia279 km
    Tallinn to Riga, capital to capital
  • Russia868 km
    Tallinn to Moscow, capital to capital

Where on Earth main landmass

Hemispheres
Northern and Eastern
Capital
Tallinn
59.43°N 24.73°E
Northernmost latitude
59.64°N
Southernmost latitude
57.53°N
Westernmost longitude
21.85°E
Easternmost longitude
28.15°E
North to south
about 235 km
Antipode of Tallinn
59.43°S 155.27°W
in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,830 km from the nearest land (Antarctica)